Polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) uye PDC drill bits yakaunzwa kumusika kwemakumi emakore akati wandei.Munguva iyi yakareba PDC cutter uye PDC drill bit vakawana zvipingamupinyi zvakawanda mumatanho avo ekutanga, vakawanawo kukura kukuru.Zvishoma nezvishoma asi pakupedzisira, PDC mabheti zvishoma nezvishoma akatsiva koni mabheti nekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza muPDC cutter, kugadzikana zvishoma, uye bit hydraulic chimiro.PDC mabhiti zvino ave kutora chikamu chinodarika makumi mapfumbamwe muzana ezvekuchera pasi rose.
PDC Cutter yakagadzirwa kutanga neGeneral Electric (GE) muna 1971. Yekutanga PDC Cutters yeindasitiri yemafuta negasi yakaitwa muna 1973 uye nemakore matatu ekuedza uye kuongorora munda, inounzwa mune zvekutengesa muna 1976 mushure mekunge yaratidzwa zvakanyanya. inoshanda pane kupwanya zviito zvecarbide mabhatani mabhiti.
Munguva yekutanga, chimiro chePDC cutter chakafanana neichi: carbide round tip, ( dhayamita 8.38mm, ukobvu 2.8mm), uye dhaimondi layer ( ukobvu 0.5mm pasina chamfer pamusoro).Panguva iyoyo, kwaivewo neCompax "slug system" PDC cutter.Mamiriro emucheki uyu aive seizvi: iyo PDC compax weld kune simende carbide slug kuitira kuti zvive nyore kuisa pane simbi yekubooresa muviri, zvichiunza kurerukirwa kukuru kune dhizaini dhizaini.
Muna 1973, GE yakaedza PDC yayo yekutanga mutsime muKing Ranch nzvimbo yekumaodzanyemba kweTexas.Munguva yekuedza kuchera maitiro, dambudziko rekuchenesa bhiti raionekwa kuti riripo.Mazino matatu akakundikana pajoinhi yakashongedzwa, uye mamwe mazino maviri akatyoka pamwe chete nechikamu chetungsten carbide.Gare gare, kambani yakaedza chechipiri chibooresa munzvimbo yeHudson yeColorado.Iyi dhiri yedhiri yakavandudza hydraulic chimiro chedambudziko rekuchenesa.Iyo bhiti yakawana kuita zvirinani mujecha-shale maumbirwo ane kukurumidza kuchera kumhanya.Asi pane kutsauka kwakati wandei kubva kune yakarongwa borehole trajectory panguva yekuchera, uye shoma shoma yePDC cutters kurasikirwa kuchiri kuitika nekuda kwekubatana kwebrazing.
Muna Kubvumbi 1974, chibhorani chechitatu chakaedzwa munzvimbo yeSan Juan kuUtah, USA.Ichi chidimbu chakavandudza chimiro chezino uye chimiro chebhiti.Iyo bhiti yakatsiva simbi yemuviri koni mabheti mutsime riri padyo, asi muromo wakadonha uye bhiti rakakuvadzwa.Panguva iyoyo, yaifungidzirwa kuti yakaitika pedyo nekuguma kwekuchera kwekugadzira kwakaoma, kana dambudziko rinokonzerwa neinodonha inodonha.
Kubva 1974 kusvika 1976, makambani akasiyana-siyana ekudhiraivha uye vezvemabhizinesi vakaongorora kuvandudzwa kwakasiyana muPDC cutter.Matambudziko mazhinji aivepo aive akanangana nekutsvaga.Mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa yakadai yakabatanidzwa muStratapax PDC mazino, yakatangwa neGE muna Zvita 1976.
Kuchinja kwezita kubva kuCompax kuenda kuStratapax kwakabatsira kubvisa kuvhiringika muindasitiri diki pakati pemabhiti ane tungsten carbide compacts, uye diamond Compax.
Pakati pe-90s, vanhu vakatanga kushandisa zvakanyanya chamfering tekinoroji paPDC yekucheka mazino, iyo yakawanda-chamfer tekinoroji yakagamuchirwa muchimiro chepatenti muna 1995. Kana iyo chamfering tekinoroji yakashandiswa nemazvo, kushomeka kwekuputsika kwePDC yekucheka mazino. inogona kuwedzera ne100%.
Mumakore ekuma1980, zvose GE Company (USA) uye Sumitomo Company (Japan) vakadzidza kubviswa kwecobalt kubva panzvimbo yekushanda yePDC mazino kuvandudza kushanda kwemazino.Asi havana kubudirira mune zvekutengeserana.Tekinoroji yakazogadziridzwa zvakare uye patented neHycalog (USA).Zvakaratidzwa kuti kana zvinhu zvesimbi zvinogona kubviswa kubva pagomba rezviyo, kugadzikana kwekupisa kwemazino ePDC kuchavandudzwa zvikuru kuitira kuti bhiti rikwanise kudhiraivha zviri nani mune zvakaoma uye zvakanyanya kuumbwa.Iyi tekinoroji yekubvisa cobalt inovandudza kusapfeka kwemeno ePDC mune abrasive akasimba edombo maumbirwo uye inowedzera kuwedzera huwandu hwekushandisa kwePDC bits.
Kutanga muna 2000, kushandiswa kwePDC bits kwakawedzera nekukurumidza.Maumbirwo aisakwanisa kucherwa nePDC bits zvishoma nezvishoma ave kukwanisa kucherwa zvine hupfumi uye nekuvimbika nePDC drill bits.
Kubva muna 2004, muindasitiri yezvibhorani, mari yemusika yePDC drill bits yakatora 50%, uye chinhambwe chekuchera chakasvika 60%.Kukura uku kuri kuenderera mberi nanhasi.Anenge ese anoshandiswa parizvino muNorth America drilling application iPDC bits.
Muchidimbu, kubvira payakatangwa mu70s uye yakaona kukura kwayo zvishoma nezvishoma, PDC cutters zvishoma nezvishoma yakasimudzira kuenderera mberi kweiyo drill bit indasitiri yeoiri uye gasi kuongorora nekuchera.Iko kukanganisa kwePDC tekinoroji paindasitiri yekuchera yakakura.
Vatsva vanopinda mumusika wemhando yepamusoro PDC yekucheka mazino, pamwe nemakambani makuru ekuchera, vanoramba vachitungamira shanduko uye hunyanzvi hweInnovative zvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzira kuitira kuti kuita kwePDC yekucheka mazino uye PDC drill bits zvirambe zvichivandudzwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-07-2023